Module IV - Creation

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Contents

Learning objectives

After completing module IV "Creation", you will be able to:

  • Discuss opportunities to create new forms of knowledge, avenues of scholarship and interaction using social media
  • Critique examples of social media and their usage in libraries, archives and museums
  • Implement strategies to create tutorials and knowledge objects using free social media tools, and open-source technologies
  • Devise ways to share knowledge with end-users' about the creative potential of social media

Activities

Week I

  • In your study groups, do a scavenger hunt for examples of creative use of social media in information organizations
    • Keep in mind that information professionals are using social media to build relationships, connect to users, and to perform digital outreach and to create interdisciplinary partnerships
    • But are there other ways to use social media?
    • How do the concepts of remix and mashups figure in the creation of new knowledge or skills in the digital age?
  • Post your group's reflections and findings (~500 words) to the discussion forum "Creating knowledge".

Week II

In week II of module IV, you have a lot of freedom to explore and create. You can decide to do one of the following activities, or create an activity of your own (Tuum est):

  • Create an outline of your final presentation for LIBR559M and seek feedback; post it to your blog; tweet it...
  • Create an outline of an academic paper about social media that you want to write, and post it on your blog
  • Create your own knowledge object(s) using social media, and share them with your peers in the Gallery of inspiration
  • Create a strategy for using the social tools we have discussed in class to ensure that you are successful; what are the deliverables?
  • Create a simple one-page social software policy for your library
  • Create a mashup for your information organization, and post it to YouTube.

Background

Ours is a knowledge-creation world, and information professionals are often catalysts in the creation and dissemination of new knowledge in society. As purveyors of information, and experts at locating it, we are continually exploring new ways of creating and disseminating knowledge. The tried and tested methods of publishing and collecting monographs and peer-reviewed journals will continue to dominate our work but social media will be a part of the equation.

What social media can do for us is create networks and encourage the sharing of ideas (and knowledge) among members. Social networking sites like Facebook encourage a more personal side to networking, instant messaging enables one-to-one communication, microblogs one-to-many communication, and blogs permit a more sustained exchange of ideas.

Projects that utilize social media depend on the efforts put forward by participants. The social web, as it is currently conceived, relies on a number of users adding value to existing objects - think of Wikipedia or YouTube in the absence of participation. Even loading photographs to Flickr is a form of creation, requiring users to devise tags to describe photos. Other examples include bloggers who blog for free and vloggers who load video onto YouTube for other viewers.

The open-source software movement is a rich source of participation and creation. In fact, new software tools are built by OSS advocates with little or no expectation of profit or remuneration. What motivates these people to create knowledge objects with others? It seems obvious that it is rewarding to connect with others and to achieve a collective result, and knowing that a new product may help someone in a developing country is highly motivating.

Creating and making things have been shown to open pathways in the brain. These pathways are linked to learning and new ways of seeing. In fact, by reflecting on things we have made with others, we consider new ways of problem-solving. Unlike top-down hierarchies, social software encourage groups to seek out their own grassroot solutions to problems. And by making connections with people - be they friends, library users or colleagues - we declare our collective humanity while establishing our individual stake in a changing world.

Some of the recent political demonstrations in cities like Iran and elsewhere suggest that the world is moving away from authoritarian cultures to one where citizens create their own forms of democracy. This shift to using new forms of collaboration can be seen in community-based initiatives; in education, there is a move away from traditional classrooms to one where creating, questioning and exploration are seen to be equally or more important than obeying authority figures.

Read-Write and remix culture

Social media promotes a "read-write culture" but also a remix culture. Social media allows its users to create art as readily as it is consumed, much of it for free. This, according to Lawrence Lessig in his book "Remix", is what comprises the new hybrid economy, one that combines the profit motives of traditional business with the "sharing economy" on the web, such as what we see at Wikipedia and YouTube. The hybrid economy is now more prominent in every creative realm from news to music, and social media to education. In fact, copyright expert Lawrence Lessig argues for an open sharing of art as resources to share rather than commodities to be sold. Lessig’s book Remix is available under a Creative Commons License and Chris Anderson's Free: the future of a radical price. 2009 In Free, Anderson implies that free doesn't mean 'completely free'. The promise of free brings people into your website and then things are sold around it.

What seems clear for information professionals is that the world of publishing has been destabilized by the remix and open-free movements. Managing information in the digital era now means that we must understand some of the processes underlying the experimentation: and work to shape, create and integrate textual, visual, spatial and audio elements for our users. As Baildon et al (2008) suggest, the building blocks of information fluency now involve new literacies that are social, fluid and ever-changing. Large-scale sharing and knowledge-creation reflect changes in how people communicate, connect with other people and access information. It is axiomatic that the information workers of tomorrow will "manage their own productivity and seek and structure collaborations from around the world".

See CrowdVine and Ning as examples of creating your own social networks for learning, conferences or networking.

Associated memes

  • making things; connections; friendships; creativity; work
  • Creation - Hebrew creation myth in Genesis, first book of Bible
  • Creation (Haydn), 1798 oratorio by Joseph Haydn; La création du monde, 1923 ballet by Darius Milhaud
  • Creation (2009 film), a 2009 film about Charles Darwin

Related concepts

  • discovery; findability; information architecture; knowledge-acquisition; open education; creative commons; intellectual property; techno-utopia, dystopia; destruction or transformation; disruption; redemption

Acts of creation

  • Garden of Eden; knowledge-creation; multimedia; learning by creating
  • Web is part of a community’s collective knowledge; all of humanity - reflects who we are
  • Social media create a learning web
  • Source of innovation; its role in search
  • Open access, open source
  • Identity-building
  • Opportunities for reference & teaching for librarians
  • Use of free, open tools to create tutorials in information organizations
  • Creation of metadata - social tagging & folksonomies

Final reflections

The creation of new products and services in web 2.0 is ultimately secondary to other larger issues such as making new friends, creating connections and new knowledge. In information organizations, this might translate into encouraging creative responses to problems that we are currently dealing with or have yet to encounter. How can social media be used by information professionals to find creative solutions?

Other questions to consider, blog or reflect on

  • Is it possible to create a new kind of learning commons using social media?
  • What kinds of digital services & spaces can be created for interaction and collaboration?
  • In building new spaces for communication and information-exchange, what is the role of Open source?
  • Through the adoption of information technologies, can we create a new kind of hi-tech academic-information professional hybrid?
  • Can we use social media to organize digital libraries and participate in the semantic web?
  • web 2.0 itself implies creativity; making meaning from the banal, fostering connections, building networks, creating new knowledge
  • Participation culture, creativity, and social change - http://video.google.co.uk/videoplay?docid=-4775865731083812959 ; David Gauntlett's November 2008 lecture in which he points to a shift from a 'sit down and be told' culture to a more creative 'making and doing' culture to solve difficult problems; http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZWNXg7Vt-ig
  • Explore one (or more) of these issues in the forums, Wimba classroom, on your blog or engage with someone in a forum with which you feel comfortable.

Other exploration

  • Anderson, C. (2009). Free: the future of a radical price. Retrieved from http://www.scribd.com/doc/17135767
  • Benkler J. (2006). The wealth of networks: how social production transforms markets and freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press.
  • Carr, N.G. (2008). The big switch: rewiring the world, from Edison to Google. New York: Norton.
  • Tapscott, D. (2006). Wikinomics: how mass collaboration changes everything. Ottawa: Portfolio.
  • Guy, M. (2006). Folksonomies; tidying up tags? D–Lib, 12, 1. http://www.dlib.org/dlib/january06/guy/01guy.html
  • Herzog, C. (2007). Combining social and semantic metadata for search in a document repository. Bridging the Gap between Semantic Web and Web 2.0. Proceedings of the European Semantic Web Conference Workshop, 14–21.
  • Lessig, L. (2008). Remix: making art and commerce thrive in the hybrid economy.
  • Macgregor, G. (2006). Collaborative tagging as a knowledge organisation and resource discovery tool. Library Review, 55, 5, 291–300.
  • Morville, P. (2005). Ambient findability: what we find changes who we become. Sebastopol, Calif.: O’Reilly.
  • Noruzi, A. (2007). Folksonomies: why do we need controlled vocabulary? Webology, 4, 2. http://www.webology.ir/2007/v4n2/editorial12.html
  • Petersen, E. (2009). All the world wide web’s a stage: the performance of identity in online social networks. First Monday, 14, 3. http://www.uic.edu/htbin/cgiwrap/bin/ojs/index.php/fm/article/viewArticle/2162/2127
  • Sfard, A. (1998). On two metaphors for learning and the dangers of choosing just one. Researcher 27, 2, 4–13.
  • Sunstein, C.R. (2006). Infotopia: how many minds produce knowledge. Oxford University Press.
  • Trant, J. (2009). Studying social tagging and folksonomy: a review and framework. Journal of Digital Information, 10, 1.
  • Trant, J. (2009). Tagging, folksonomy and art museums: early experiments and ongoing research. Journal of Digital Information, 10.

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