Eugene Garfield

Are you interested in contributing to HLWIKI International – hlwiki.ca? contact: dean.giustini@ubc.ca To browse other articles on a range of HSL topics, see the A-Z index. Last Update 9 June 2013 Introduction See also Altmetrics | Bibliometrics | Citation analysis | Important librarians in history | Paul Otlet | Scientometrics | Scopus vs. Web of Science Eugene "Gene" Garfield (1925 — ) is an American information scientist best known for his work as founder of the Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and pioneer in citation analysis (also citation indexing). Garfield attended the University of Colorado and Berkeley before getting a Bachelor of Science degree in chemistry from Columbia University in 1948. During the 1950s (pre-Medline) he worked on the Welch Library indexing project at Johns Hopkins' School of Medicine where he indexed documents from medical papers and journals. With a graduate degree in library science completed in 1954 at Columbia, Garfield went to work as a "documentation consultant" and by 1961 he had completed a PhD in structural linguistics at the University of Pennsylvania. Based on his citation analysis research, he established ground-breaking algorithms to calculate the impact factors for journals. His work is the foundation for citation analysis and its related fields, bibliometrics and scientometrics. From 1960 to 1992, Garfield was the President and Chief Executive Officer of ISI until the highly-successful information publishing company was acquired by Thomson Scientific. The result of Garfield's research in citation analysis and journal impact factors was the Science Citation Index and Journal Citation Reports, both of which were sold to academic libraries in large print volumes for decades. Later, ISI created the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI). Today, all of these indices form the cornerstone of the Web of Science, or as it is also known, the Web of Knowledge. In 2007, Garfield launched HistCite, a bibliometric analysis and visualization software package. Garfield introducing citation indexing in 1967 See also A 2007 Interview of Eugene Garfield. Covers family history, childhood memories, early education, career path, research, issues around citations, etc. Eugene Garfield's website: http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/ Garfield E, Cronin B, Barsky Atkins H. The web of knowledge: a Festschrift in Honor of Eugene Garfield. Information Today, 2000. Garfield E. Reminiscences of Vassily V. Nalimov. Scientometrics. 2001;52(2):165–166. Istvan H. Deeds and dreams of Eugene Garfield. Chemical Intelligencer. 1999:26–31. http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/papers/chemicalintelligencerp26y1999 Priem J, Hemminger B. Scientometrics 2.0: Toward new metrics of scholarly impact on the social web. First Monday. 2010;15(7). Bibliography http://www.garfield.library.upenn.edu/pub.html